ON THE ISSUE OF THE STAGE OF INITIATING A CRIMINAL CASE:
NOTION, CONTENT AND PROBLEMS OF FUNCTIONING OF THE CRIMINAL-PROCEDURAL INSTITUTION
Palavras-chave:
criminal-procedural law; initiating a criminal case; information about a crime; reasons for initiating a criminal case; investigative actions; stage of a criminal procedureResumo
topicality of the problem is due to the discussion on the issue of excluding the stage of initiating a criminal case from the criminal procedure as a separate criminal-procedural institution. This problem is not new. The article traces the history of discussions over this problem and its topicality: this procedure, “as a separate element of criminal process, is aimed at providing the rights and legal interests of its participants, both on the part of defense and on the part of prosecution”. The objective of this stage of criminal procedure is to protect an individual from groundless involvement into a criminal trial. The article objective is to reveal the notion and content of the stage of initiating a criminal case, in order to define its meaning. The research presents an analysis of literature on the problem. Basing on the literature analysis, the contradictions in the opinions of procedural law specialists are analyzed. The leading research method is comparative method. The research presents the analysis of various opinions on the problem. The analyzed literature shows an unexplained feature of similarity-difference: on the one hand, the opponents of private interest in the public criminal procedure insist on rejecting the institution of a civil suit within a criminal case; on the other hand, the opponents of the stage of initiating a criminal case wish to return to the private-legal principles of the legal procedure used before the 1864 reform, when criminal prosecution was supposed to start with an allegation from a private individual. Having studied the history and literature on the issue of the stage of initiating a criminal case, we come to a conclusion that this issue is still topical nowadays. The article proposes means of broadening the list of investigative actions which are feasible at the stage of initiating a criminal case. The materials of the article may be useful both for practical and educational activities in the sphere of criminal-procedural law.
Downloads
Referências
Bagautdinov F. Limits of the action of a civil suit within a criminal case should be broadened // Russian Justice. 2003. No. 3. Pp. 36−38 et al.
Bozhyev V.P. Criminal-procedural legal relationships. - Moscow: 1975. - p. 78.
Bozrov V. Civil suit is irrelevant within a criminal case // Russian Justice. 2001. No. 5. P. 29−30 et al.
Bykov V.M. Issues of the stage of initiating a criminal case // Journal of the Russian Law, 2006. No. 7.
Derishev Yu.V. Conception of the criminal pre-trial proceedings in the legal doctrine of modern Russia. - Omsk, 2004. - P. 197
Derishev Yu.V. Criminal pre-trial proceedings: conception of procedural and functional-legal structure. Doctoral (Law) diss. - Omsk: 2005.- P. 126.
Derishev Yu.V. The stage of initiating a criminal case – a relic of “Socialistic justice” // Russian Justice. 2003.No. 8. P. 36.
Draft of the CPC RSFSR // Soviet Justice, 1931, No. 24, pp. 4−5.
Elikbaev A.K. Issue of initiating a criminal case: analysis of theoretical-legal grounds // Young scholar. -2016. No. 8. - Pp. 736−739
Foynitskiy I.Ya. Course in criminal proceedings. Vol. 1. Saint Petersburg: Ministry of Transportation, 1884. P. 17.
Foynitskiy I.Ya. Course in criminal proceedings. Vol. 2. Saint Petersburg: Senatskaya tipografiya. 1910. 400.
Gavrilov B.Ya. Reality and myths of initiating a criminal case // Criminal proceedings. – Moscow: Yurist, 2010, No. 2. - P. 7−10.
Gorobets V. Features of considering a civil suit within a criminal process // Russian Justice. 2001. No. 1. P. 47−49;
Gorozhankina D.V. Code of Laws on legal proceedings on crimes of 1832 as an act of systematization of the criminal-procedural legislation of the Russian Empire // Bulletin of South-Ural State University, No. 13 (68) / 2006.
Grigoryev V.N. On the concept of initiating a criminal case // Issues of technical-criminalistic provision of solving and investigating of crimes. Moscow, 1994. P. 133.
Karklin O. High time to consider the improvement of judicial apparatus // Weekly of Soviet Justice, 1923, No. 27, - P. 604.
Kaz Ts.M. Limits of proving at the stage of initiating a criminal case // Issues of criminal law, criminal procedure and criminalistics: Proceedings of Saratov Juridical Institute named after D.I. Kurskiy. - Saratov, 1964. Iss. XI. - P. 35.
Kozhokar’ V.V. Initiating a criminal case: issues of theory and practice: PhD (Law) diss.: - Moscow, 2016.
Kruglikov A.P. Do we need the stage of initiating a criminal case in the modern criminal process in Russia? // Russian Justice, Moscow: Yurist. 2011. No. 6.- P. 56-58.
Kuemzhieva Ya.N. Criminal legal proceedings on crimes against the state in the Russian Empire of the first half of the 19th c. Abstract of a PhD (Law) diss. Krasnodar. 2005
Kuznetsov N.P. Proving at the stage of initiating a criminal case. - Voronezh, 1983. - P. 8.
Livshits Yu., Timoshenko A. Purpose of the institute of a civil suit within a criminal case // Russian Justice. 2002. No. 6. P. 43–45.
Mamontov A.G. Investigation of crimes in the Russian legal proceedings of the first half of the 19th c.: Tutorial. Moscow, 2003. P. 24–37.
Russkaya Pravda. Russian legislation of the XXX cc. Legislation of the Old Rus’. Moscow: 1994. Vol.4, Pp. 47, 49, 64, 73.
Ryabinina T.K., Ryapolova Ya.P. Preserving the stage of initiating a criminal case: new arguments in an old discussion // Criminal process: from the past to the future: Works of International scientific-practical conference (Moscow, 21 March 2014) / Ed. A.I. Bastrykin. Part. I. - Moscow: Academy of Investigatory Committee of Russia, 2014. - P. 273−278.
Sergeev A.B. Features of forming the investigatory agencies in Russia // History of state and law. 2002. No. 5. P. 44.
Shadrin V.S. Providing the rights of a personality when investigating crimes. Moscow, 2000. P. 152
Shimanovskiy V.V. Agencies of preliminary investigation during the Soviet years (1917−1920) // Legal Studies, 1967, No. 4 – P. 24−31.
Siverskaya L.A. On the issue of the stages of initiating a criminal case // Bulletin of Kostroma State University named after N.A. Nekrasov. No. 1. 2015.
Smirnov A.V. Adversary procedure. Saint Petersburg: Alfa. 2001. P. 26.
Smirnov A.V. Evolution of a historical form of Soviet criminal process and preliminary investigation // Soviet state and law. 1990. No. 12. P. 60.
Smirnov A.V. Investigator in the criminal proceedings of Soviet Russia in 1922–1928 // 300th anniversary of the Russian investigatory apparatus (1713–2013): Collection of articles on the history of investigatory agencies / Ed. A.I. Bastrykin, sc.ed. D.O Serov. Moscow: SK Rossii, 2014. P. 256−263.
Strogovich M.S. Course in Soviet criminal proceedings. Vol. 2: Order of proceedings on criminal cases according to the Soviet criminal-procedural law. - Moscow: 1970. - P. 10.
Usachev A.A. Initiating a criminal case in the Russian criminal proceedings. Abstract of a PhD (Law) diss. Irkutsk. 2003.
Vitsin S. Institution of initiating a criminal case in the criminal proceedings // Russian Justice. 2003. N 6. - P. 55
Vlasova N.A. Essence of inquiry according to the Russian legislation of the 19th century (with references to Judicial Charters of 20 November 1864, with arguments on which they are based. – 2nd ed., amend. – Saint Petersburg: Private Office of His Emperial Majesty. - Part. 2. - 1867. - P. 285.
Vlasova N.A. Issues of improving the pre-trial proceedings in a criminal process. Doctoral (Law) diss. - Moscow: 2001. - P.81.
Yani P. Concealment of crimes from registration: action or inaction? // Legality, 2008, No. 2
Zaytsev O.A. State protection of the participants of a criminal process. All-Russian Scientific-research institute of the Russian Ministry of Internal Affairs, Moscow Academy of Economics and Law. Moscow: Ekzamen, 2002. - P.226
Zelenetskiy V.S. Initiating a criminal case. Kharkov, 1998. pp. 29−43.
Zherebyatyev I.V. Personality of a victim in the modern criminal proceedings in Russia: Monograph. - Orenburg: RIK GOU OGU, 2004.
