ACESSO À JUSTIÇA NO BRASIL: UMA ANÁLISE SOBRE QUESTÕES DE GÊNERO

Abstract

In Brazil, despite efforts to reduce gender inequalities in different aspects and contexts, evidence remains that women face specific barriers when trying to resolve conflicts in the justice system. Using the microdata from the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD) for 2009, the objective of this study is to verify whether, when occurred violent crimes such as theft and/or robbery and/or physical aggression, there is a differential between men and women regarding the access to Justice. Combining logit estimation with the methodology of Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, we sought to identify through which channels, indirect and direct, this phenomenon is expressed in the Brazilian reality; the latter methodology being an attempt to capture gender discrimination. The results show that, compared to men, women victims of violent crimes have less access to the Justice apparatus. Furthermore, we find that this differential is explained by the component also known in the literature as “discrimination term”, offering evidence of gender discrimination expressed by the condition of access to justice in our country.