Rare Earths, Smart Mining and Mineral Law
disputes and perspectives on the energy transition in international geopolitics under ecological imperialism
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1678-2593.2025v24n57.77302Keywords:
Rare earth, energy transition, mining law, smart mining, ecological imperialismAbstract
This paper proposes to analyze the expressions in the Brazilian legislative branch of the disputes currently underway regarding the regulatory frameworks for rare earth extraction and the theme of energy transition. To this end, a key category for the reflections proposed in the paper was first presented: smart mining, rare earths, and ecological imperialism. In light of the normative proposals raised on the National Congress website using the keyword "rare earths," including everything from bills to indications and messages for the adoption of treaties, critical considerations are developed taking into account the theoretical perspectives of ecosocialism, just transition, and popular sovereignty in mining. Finally, it is considered that, in the face of pressures, including those imposed by legislation, whether imperialist or national-developmentalist, as well as the impossibility of sustainable mining, popular struggle is unavoidable to ensure that this activity meets the needs of the populations, especially those in mined or future mining territories, within the framework of popular sovereignty in mining.
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