Schiller Revisited: "Beauty is Freedom in Appearance" - Aesthetics as a Challenge to the Modern Way of Thinking
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7443/21481Keywords:
Beleza, Crítica do Juízo, dualismo, ética do respeito, liberdade, Goethe, Hegel, Kallias ou Sobre a Beleza, Kant, Cartas sobre a Educação Estética do Homem, modernidade, natureza, objetividade, Schiller, auto-organização, subjetivismoAbstract
This essay re-evaluates Schiller's idea of beauty as “freedom in appearance,” as brought forward in his Kallias or On Beauty (1793), against the backdrop of early modern and modern thinking that based itself on a fundamental split between nature and freedom, world and man. Schiller's claim that natural beauty results from freedom in nature bridges this gap. His suggestion is confirmed by modern science. Schiller's view is recommended and defended as a way of escaping modern bigotry.
[doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.7443/problemata.v5i2.21481]
Downloads
References
CRAMER, Friedrich. Chaos und Ordnung: Die komplexe Struktur des Lebendigen. Stuttgart: Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, 1989.
______.; KAEMPFER, Wolfgang, Die Natur der Schönheit: Zur Dynamik der schönen Formen. Frankfurt/Main: Insel, 1992.
GOETHE, Johann Wolfgang. Sämtliche Werke nach Epochen seines Schaffens (Münchner Ausgabe), Karl Richter et al (ed.) Vol. 19: Johann Peter Eckermann, Gespräche mit Goethe in den letzten Jahren seines Lebens, ed. Heinz Schlaffer. Munique: Hanser, 1986.
HEGEL, Friedrich Wilhelm. Enzyklopädie der philosophischen Wissenschaften im Grundrisse I [1830], Werke, vol. 8. Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 1986.
______. Vorlesungen über die Geschichte der Philosophie III [Vorlesungen 1816-1832], Werke, vol. 20. Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 1986.
______. Vorlesungen über die Philosophie der Religion II [Vorlesungen 1821-1831], Werke, vol. 17. Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 1986.
______. Vorlesungen über die Geschichte der Philosophie I [Vorlesungen 1816-1832], Werke, vol. 18. Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 1986.
KANT, Immanuel. Critique of Judgement [1790], trad. Werner S. Pluhar. Indianapolis: Hackett, 1987.
______. Reflexionen zur Logik. Akademie-Ausgabe, Berlin: Reimer, 1914, XVI, 127 [Nr. 1820 a]).
SCHILLER, Friedrich. Kallias oder über die Schönheit. Briefe an Gottfried Körner In: FRICKE, Gerhard; GÖPFERT, Herbert G. (ed.). Sämtliche Werke. Munique: Hanser, 1980. v. 5
______. On the Aesthetic Education of Man in a Series of Letters. trad. R. Snell. Bristol: Thoemmes, 1994.
WELSCH, Wolfgang. Blickwechsel - Neue Wege der Ästhetik. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2012.
______. Mensch und Welt. Eine evolutionäre Perspektive der Philosophie. Munique: Beck, 2012.
______. Mundanus Homo - Jenseits der anthropischen Denkform der Moderne. Weilerswist, Velbrück Wissenschaft, 2012.
______. Zur universalen Schätzung des Schönen, in Blickwechsel - Neue Wege der Ästhetik. Stuttgart: Reclam, 2012.
Downloads
Additional Files
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
-
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
