A criação do conhecimento como base da competitividade de uma rede de negócios

Autores

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1809-4775.2018v14n1.40722

Resumo

Os países emergentes têm um fraco sistema doméstico de inovação, quando comparados com países desenvolvidos. O conhecimento gerado internamente não é suficiente para criar uma vantagem competitiva para as empresas nacionais no exterior. Nesse contexto, a internacionalização aparece como uma forma de obter conhecimentos estratégicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi de demonstrar a relação entre a formação do conhecimento coletivo, em uma rede de negócios, e a internacionalização das empresas de alta tecnologia de países emergentes. Por meio da revisão da literatura, identificou-se a existência de um gap teórico nos estudos sobre esse tema. Este artigo apresenta algumas propostas de pesquisa para superar essa insuficiência na literatura. Trata-se de uma pesquisa de natureza qualitativa, do tipo exploratória e descritiva. Para relacionar os conceitos mobilizados nesta pesquisa com algumas estratégias adotadas pela Embraer, utilizou-se o exemplo de sua internacionalização. A análise revelou que a Embraer foi internacionalizada por meio de estratégias coletivas de gestão do conhecimento, de produção e de expansão. Assim, este estudo demonstrou que, ao formar redes de negócios, as empresas de alta tecnologia de países emergentes podem compensar sua falta de vantagem competitiva e gerar conhecimentos, recursos e competências estratégicas em combinação com outras empresas.

Downloads

Não há dados estatísticos.

Biografia do Autor

Lucilene Klenia Rodrigues Bandeira, Universidade Federal da Paraíba

Departamento de Ciência da Informação

Referências

REFERÊNCIAS

AMIT, R.; SCHOEMAKER, P. J. H. (1993), Strategic assets and organizational rent. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 14, pp. 33-46 doi: 10.1002/smj.4250140105.

ANAND, J.; DELIOS, A. (2002). Absolute and relative resources as determinants of international acquisitions. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 23, pp. 119-134 doi: 10.1002/smj.215.

AW, B.Y.; HWANG, A. (1995), Productivity and the export market: a firm level analysis. Journal of Development Economics, Vol. 47, Num. 2, pp. 313-332.

AWATE, S.; LARSEN, M. M.; MUDAMBI, R. (2012), EMNE catch-up strategies in the wind turbine industry: Is there a trade-off between output and innovation capabilities? Global Strategy Journal, Vol. 2, pp. 205-223 doi: 10.1111/j.2042-5805.2012.01034.x.

BARNEY, J. B. (1991). Firm resources and sustained competitive advantage. Journal of Management, Vol. 17, Num. 1, pp. 99-120.

BEULE, F. D.; ELIA, S.; PISCITELLO, L. (2014), Entry and acces to competencies abroad: emerging market firms versus advanced market firms. Journal of International Management, Vol. 20, nº. 2, pp.137-157.

BUCKLEY, P. J.; CASSON. M. C. (1998a). Analyzing foreign market entry strategies: extending the internalization approach. Journal of International Business Studies. Vol. 29, nº. 3, pp. 539-561

______. (1998b), Models of the multinational enterprise. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 29, nº. 1, pp. 21-44.

CASSIMAN, B.; GOLOVKO, E. (2011). Innovation and internationalization through exports. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 42, nº. 1, pp. 56-75.

CAVES, R. E. (1971). International corporations: the industrial economics of foreign investment. Economica, Vol. 38, nº.149, pp. 1-27.

CHANG, P.; SHIH, H. (2005), Comparing patterns of intersectoral innovation diffusion in Taiwan and China: A network analysis. Technovation, Vol, 25, nº. 2, pp. 155-169.

CHEN, H.; LEE, A.; TONG, Y. (2006), New product mix selection for a high technology company in a technology innovation network. Journal of Technology Management in China, Vol. 1, nº. 2, p. 174-189.

CHETTY, S. K.; STANGL, L. M. (2010), Internationalization and innovation in a network relationship context. European Journal of Marketing, Vol. 44, nº.11/12, pp.1725 – 1743.

CLERIDES, S. K.; LACH, S.; TYBOUT, J. R. (1998). Is learning by exporting important? Micro-Dynamic evidence from Colombia, Mexico, and Morocco. Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 113, nº. 3, 903-948.

CONTRACTOR, F. J.; KUMAR, V.; KUNDU, S. K.; PEDERSEN, T. (2010), Reconceptualizing the firm in a world of outsourcing and offshoring: the organizational and geographical relocation of high-value company functions. Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 47, nº. 8, pp.1417-1433.

CUERVO-CAZURRA, A.; GENC, M. (2008), Transforming disadvantages into advantages: developing country MNEs in the least developed countries. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 39, nº. 6, pp. 957-979.

CUERVO-CAZURRA, A.; MALONEY, M. M.; MANRAKHAN, S. (2007), Causes of the difficulties in internationalization. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 38, nº. 5, pp. 709-725.

DAS, T. K.; HE, I. Y. (2006), Entrepreneurial firms in search of established partners: review and recommendations. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, Vol. 12, Num. 3, pp. 114-143

DELGADO, M. J.; FARIÑAS, C.; RUANO, S. (2002), Firms’ Productivity and the Export Markets. Journal of International Economics, Vol. 57, nº. 2, pp. 397-422.

DUNNING, J. H. (1988), The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Ressatement and Some Possible Extensions. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 19, nº. 1, pp. 1-31.

EMBRAER. Disponível em: .

EMBRAER Investor Relations (2014). Disponível em: <http://www.slideshare.net/embraerri/embraer-december-2014-book-ri>.

ESPOSITO, E. (2004), Strategic alliances and internationalisation in the aircraft manufacturing industry. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 71, nº. 5, pp.443-468.

GIL, A. C. (2008). Como elaborar projetos de pesquisa. São Paulo: Atlas.

GOMES-CASSERES, B.; HAGEDOORN, J.; JAFFE, A. B. (2006), Do alliances promote knowledge flows? Journal of Financial Economics, Vol. 80.

GOMES, S. B. V. (2012). A indústria aeronáutica no Brasil: evolução recente e perspectivas, Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social. Biblioteca digital. Disponível em: <https://web.bndes.gov.br/bib/jspui/bitstream/1408/919/4/A%20indústria%20aeronáutica%20no%20Brasil_P-final_BD.pdf>.

HANSEN, M.T. (2002), Knowledge Networks: explaining effective knowledge sharing in multiunit companies. Organization Science. Vol.13 nº. 3.

HÅKANSSON, H.; FORD, D. (2002), How should companies interact in business networks? Journal of business Research, Vol. 55, nº. 2, pp. 133-139.

HARDY, C.; PHILLIPS, N.; LAWRENCE, T.B. (2003), Resources, Knowledge and Influence: The Organizational Effects of Interorganizational Collaboration. Journal of Management Studies, Vol. 40, nº. 2.

HOVORKA, D. S.; LARSEN, K. R. (2006), Enabling agile adoption practices through network organizations. European Journal of Information Systems, Vol.15.

HUNG, S. (2008), Development and innovation in the IT industries of India and China.Technology in Society, Vol. 31, nº. 1, pp. 29-41.

IAKOVLEVA, T.; KOLVEREID, L.; E STEPHAN, U. (2011), Entrepreneurial intentions in developing and developed countries. Education + Training, Vol. 53, nº. 5, pp. 353-370.

JOHANSON, J.; VAHLNE, J-E. (2003), Business relationship learning and commitment in the internationalization process. Journal of International Entrepreneurship, Vol. 1, Num. 1, pp. 83-101.

MADHOK, A.; KEYHONI, M. (2012), Acquisitions as entrepreneurship: asymmetries, opportunities, and the internationalization of multinationals from emerging economies. Global Strategy Journal, Vol. 2, nº. 1, pp. 26-40.

MARRA, M. (2004), Knowledge partnerships for development: what challenges for evaluation? Evaluation and Program Planning, Vol. 27.

MILES R.; SNOW C. (1986), Network Organizations: new concepts for new forms. California Management Review, Vol. 28, nº. 3, pp. 62-73.

MODI, S. B.; MABERT, V. A. (2007). Supplier development: improving supplier performance through knowledge transfer. Journal of Operations Management, Vol. 25.

MOWERY, D.; OXLEY, J.; SILVERMAN, B. S. (1996), Strategic alliances and interfirm knowledge transfer. Strategic Management Journal, Vol.17, Winter special issue.

NONAKA, I.; TAKEUCHI, H. (1995), The Knowledge-Creating Company. Oxford University Press, Boston.

OLIVEIRA Jr, M. M. (2010), Multinacionais brasileiras: internacionalização, inovação e estratégia global, Bookman, São Paulo.

PODOLNY, J. M.; PAGE K. L. (1998), Networks forms of organizations. Annual Reviews of Sociology, Vol. 24, pp. 57-76.

PORTAZIO, M.; BITENCOURT, L. S. (2008), Embraer, o vôo da Fênix. O sucesso no processo de privatização da Embraer. Central de cases. Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing. Disponível em: <http://intranet.granbery.edu.br/~arquivos/professor/109/215/Case_Embraer___gessao_do_crescimento.pdf>.

RAMAMURTI, R. (2012), What is really different about emerging market multinationals?, Global Strategy Journal, Vol. 2, Num. 1, pp. 41-47.

REAGANS, R.; MCEVILY, B. (2003), Network structure and knowledge transfer: the effects of cohesion and range. Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 48.

REVISTA Época. Para onde voa a Embraer. Disponível em: <http://epocanegocios.globo.com/Informacao/Visao/noticia/2012/10/para-onde-voa-embraer.html>.

SALOMON, R.; SHAVER, J. M. (2005), Export and domestic sales: their interrelationship and determinants. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 26, nº. 9, pp. 855-871.

SAXENIAN, A. L. (2002), Transnational communities and the evolution of global production networks: The cases of Taiwan, China and India. Industry and Innovation, Vol. 9, nº. 3, pp. 183-202.

SIMONIN, L. B. (1999), Ambiguity and the process of knowledge transfer in strategic alliances. Strategic Management Journal, Vol.20.

______. (2004), An empirical investigation of the process of knowledge transfer in international strategic alliances. Journal of International Business Studies, Vol. 35, nº. 5.

TEECE, D. J.; PISANO, G.; SHUEN, A. (1997), Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 18, nº. 7, pp. 509-533.

THE Global Innovation Index. (2014), The Human Factor In innovation. Fontainebleau, Ithaca, and Geneva. ISSN 2263-3693 ISBN 978-2-9522210-6-1.

UZZI, B.; LANCASTER, R. (2003), Relational Embeddedness and Learning: The Case of Bank Loan Managers and Their Clients. Management Science, Vol.49, nº. 4.

VERNON, R. (1966), International investment and international trade in the product cycle. The quarterly journal of economics, Vol. 8, nº. 4, pp. 190-207.

VIOTTI, E. (2002). National Learning Systems: a new approach on technological change in late industrializing economies and evidences from the cases of Brazil and South Korea. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Vol. 69, nº. 7, pp. 653-680.

WERNERFELT, B. (1984), A resource-based view of the firm. Strategic Management Journal, Vol. 5, nº. 2, pp. 171-180.

Downloads

Publicado

2018-08-12

Edição

Seção

ARTIGOS DE REVISÃO