SCHOOL GEOGRAPHY IN SECONDARY EDUCATION IN BRAZIL: from years 1880 to 1930

Abstract

In the last few decades of XIX century stands out the emergence of new questionings in Geography field, both talking about the contents taught, as well as the relationship of teachers with the new methodologies proposed. Studies on school geography and the formation of its knowledge emphasize school geography as a discipline that maintains strong relations with the interests of liberals, and with the characteristics of descriptive, mnemonic and bookish. In this context, the presence of school geography as a traditional discipline and memorization, presented in textbooks in mnemonic form, a classic geography, in which the exercises propitiated greater acquisition of the lessons, unifying and propagating the need for identity brazilian formation. The centrality of geographic discourse in Brazil since the beginning of the nineteenth century came about through the possibilities of interaction between the peculiarities of school space and the social changes suffered over the years. To understand better this interaction, we have as base the moment (end of XIX century and the beggining of XX century) where appear more vehements debates about the necessity to join the scholar geography teach and the built to our country as nation, having the curricular discussion and the search for new methodologies to become the Geography more modern.