Environmental impacts in reef environments: Areia Vermelha, Picãozinho and Seixas
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1982-3878.2023v17n1.67617Abstract
The progressive urbanization process has negative effects on marine ecosystems, especially reef environments, impacting the sustainable operation of these areas, rich in species and ecological functions, and significant as a source of food and tourist attractions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to identify and evaluate the actions that generate negative environmental impacts on the reefs of João Pessoa/PB and Cabedelo/PB (Sand Bank – Ilha Vermelha do PEMAV, Natural Pool of Picãozinho and Natural Pool of Seixas), providing subsidies to mitigate these impacts and proposing sustainable technologies that help in the management of these locations. The methodology consisted of collecting data from socio-environmental surveys carried out in the areas studied, conducting interviews with researchers/managers who carried out and/or still carry out activities in these environments and on-site visits as a participant observer (November and December/2021 - March/2022). Subsequently, SWOT or SWOT matrices (Strengths, Opportunities, Weaknesses and Threats) and tables of impactful actions focusing on the negative impacts (Weaknesses and Threats of each reef environment) were prepared, followed by identification, evaluation and classification (quantification) of the intensity of these actions through the modified Leopold matrix with qualitative and quantitative parameters. High, medium and low impact actions were identified. Among the most impactful actions, the following stand out: Trampling; Anchoring; Water pollution (solid and liquid waste); Fishing; Disorderly tourism; and Water quality of rivers (estuaries) affecting sites. The product of this work culminated in the proposition of managerial actions and sustainable technologies to mitigate the observed environmental impacts.


