Drogas de abuso e metabólitos em esgoto urbano: um estudo de caso, município do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1981-1268.2020v14n1.46070Resumo
O uso de drogas de abuso é uma preocupação para aspectos sociais e de saúde pública, mas também para a contaminação ambiental. O estudo destes poluentes torna-se importante, pois a magnitude, natureza e consumo podem ser avaliados através de compostos detectados em estações de tratamento de esgoto (ETEs). A epidemiologia baseada em esgoto depende do princípio de que os vestígios de compostos aos quais uma população é exposta ou consume são excretados inalterados ou como metabolitos na urina e/ou nas fezes e acabam na rede de esgotos. Para tanto, utilizou-se o método analítico de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência acoplada à espectrometria de massas sequencial (HPLC-MS/MS) para avaliar as concentrações de duas drogas ilícitas e metabólitos (cocaína e cannabis) em amostras de influentes das ETEs da Penha e Ilha do Governador, Município do Rio de Janeiro. Foi identificado um uso sistemático de cocaína e cannabis, por detecção em todas as amostras analisadas. Este estudo corrobora com outros achados relacionados à abordagem metodológica que pode ser aplicada para monitorar o uso de drogas ilícitas, fornecendo importantes subsídios para os sistemas de controle ambiental e de saúde.
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