Problemas de saúde em musicistas com ênfase na família dos metais
uma revisão da literatura
Palabras clave:
Instrumentos musicais; problemas ocupacionais em musicistas; saúde do músico.Resumen
A saúde do músico, quando comparada à saúde dos atletas, é algo que necessita de muita investigação e aprofundamento, haja vista a produção no campo das ciências desportivas. Essa revisão propõe levantar as principais evidências sobre o assunto, trazendo contribuições na saúde do músico, sobretudo os instrumentistas de sopros/metal. Os temas foram divididos em dois grandes blocos: a) problemas físicos/somáticos; b) problemas psíquicos. Em ambos os casos a incidência depende, entre outros fatores, do nível de exposição e intensidade aos quais cada sujeito se encontra. Os desconfortos musculoesqueléticos e a ansiedade de performance são, de longe, os mais prevalentes de cada bloco e afetam cerca de 50% e 20% dos indivíduos respectivamente. O ambiente de ensino-aprendizagem deve gerar condições para que esse processo se dê de forma protetiva e otimizada em relação ao aproveitamento do tempo e em todas as questões que envolvam o planejamento estratégico do treinamento. Em relação à rotina profissional, sobretudo em instituições, seria ideal a participação continuada de profissionais que pudessem contribuir para uma melhor preparação tanto física quanto psíquica dos musicistas, bem como na detecção precoce de sinais e sintomas sugestivos de problemas ocupacionais, a exemplo do que já ocorre no esporte de alto rendimento.
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