GEODIVERSIDADE, GEOCONSERVAÇÃO E GEOTURISMO: UMA DISCUSSÃO SOBRE A VALORAÇÃO E A CONSERVAÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO NATURAL

Abstract

ABSTRACT The concept of nature was explained from different point of views along the philosophical thought. The origins of this concept in the West were appeared first at the Ancient Greece but its development was not restricted to the "Greek World", having spread by diverse regions of the planet and in different historical moments. In the nineteenth century, instead the positivist conception, which contributed to the detachment of the human being from nature, Marx offered an alternative for the interpretation of the nature concept. According to Marx the nature and the human being must not be separated, because the social activity relates material and ideologically with the same. Such point of view influenced many thinkers, including the Brazilian geographer Milton Santos, who worked with the concept. The exploitation of the natural elements, such as: water, soils, minerals, among others, has been held by humans since ancient age, however, in the twentieth century, in particular, after the 70’s, part of the scientific community, worried about the degradation of these elements, notably those of exceptional scientific, educational and aesthetic value, went on to discuss your having, with a greater emphasis on protection of living beings (Biodiversity) than the non-living element (Geodiversity). In the 90’s, some researchers, including: Murray Gray, Chris Sharples, among others, concerned with the degradation of non-living, began to develop research to sensitize other and the population in General on the need of your disclosure, valuation and conservation, creating the trinomial Geodiversity, Geoconservation and Geotourism. Thus, the objective of this research is the discussion of these concepts, evidencing the evolution, interpretation and the relationship between them. Keywords: Geodiversity, Geoconservation, Geotourism.