Aporias de uma dupla crise: história e memória diante de novos enquadramentos teóricos

Abstract

This article analyzes the theoretical and historiographic impacts from the relation established between history and memory as categories of knowledge about the past. We assume that the extreme experiences of post-World War II forced a dislocation of these two categories, as they had been shaped in the nineteenth century, instituting a crisis in both and demanding a new equation in the interpretation of the past, especially the so-called "recent past". This crisis has epistemological, theoretical and historiographic effects, with direct impact on the debate on the memory and history of the dictatorships of the South American (Southern Cone), imposing new regimes of memory and history on this subject. The debate on "Resistance" and "Holocaust", as historiographic concepts constructed from the experience of World War II and the struggle against Nazi-fascism, has a central role in the analysis and memorization of the South American dictatorships.