Bioacumulação de chumbo em plantas de cenoura (Daucus carota) e seus efeitos na saúde humana
Palavras-chave:
Bioacumulação de chumbo, cenoura, biocinética, risco a saúdeResumo
Na atualidade, o aumento das atividades agrícolas, industriais e de mineração têm contribuído para a elevação dos teores de Pb no solo, representando sérios riscos à saúde humana. O presente trabalho objetiva estudar os efeitos que diferentes concentrações de Pb no solo provocam no desenvolvimento de plantas de cenoura e o risco à saúde humana derivado de seu consumo. O experimento foi realizado em condições controladas em casa de vegetação durante 120 dias e as plantas foram cultivadas com diferentes concentrações de Pb no solo. Nas raízes e parte aérea da cenoura foram determinados os teores de Pb, P, K, Fe, Zn, Mn, utilizando um Espectrômetro de Emissão Óptica com Plasma Indutivamente Acoplado (ICP OES) e de N usando o método de Kjeldahl. Foram estimados os teores de Pb nos tecidos humanos utilizando os modelos biocinéticos publicados na literatura e implementados no código computacional MCFLUX. As plantas de cenoura apresentaram características hiperacumuladoras de Pb e mostraram redução na biomassa da cenoura e desequilíbrio na absorção de nutrientes pela interferência do Pb. A maior parte do Pb absorvido pela planta foi acumulada na raiz que é a fração comestível da cenoura. Com base na dieta media da população brasileira foi possível estimar que inclusive para cenouras cultivadas em solos com teores abaixo do limite máximo estabelecido (CONAMA 420/2009) são atingidas concentrações de Pb em sangue e outros órgãos em níveis tóxicos elevados. Como resultado do trabalho se infere a necessidade de revisão das normas reguladoras de metais no solo.Downloads
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