Brazilian Philosophy; Indigenous Philosophies; National identity

Abstract

This article analyzes the constitution of Brazilian philosophy by taking into account the historical, epistemological and cultural challenges that permeate it. Initially, the predominance of European philosophical traditions in the formation of academic philosophy in Brazil is observed, highlighting how this influence aroused criticism of the lack of originality and autonomy in national philosophical thought, as argued by Silvio Romero and Fr. Leonel Franca. Next, scholars such as Margutti and Crisóstomo are mentioned, who suggest a pluralist approach, arguing that Brazilian philosophy should not be understood solely as an extension of European traditions, but rather as an authentic creation capable of articulating local knowledge with universal issues. The article also emphasizes the relevance of indigenous philosophies, represented by thinkers such as Ailton Krenak and Davi Kopenawa, in the construction of a genuinely Brazilian philosophy. Therefore, it is concluded that Brazilian philosophy needs to go beyond Eurocentric paradigms, adopting a plural and dynamic character that reflects its  cultural and historical particularities.