There was a stone in the middle of the road:The phenomenological reduction and its meanderings

Authors

José Francisco de Assis Dias Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5339-8652
Junior Cunha Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2069-1924

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18012/arf.v12i1.70469

Keywords:

Phenomenological reduction, Conscious experience, Ideality and reality, Human experience

Abstract

The theme of this study is the phenomenological analysis of the human experience present in the poem In the middle of the way, by Carlos Drumond de Andrade, based on conscious experience. The aim is to investigate and clarify the fundamental concepts of phenomenological reduction, aiming to understand the structure of consciousness and how it relates to the world. It analyzes how logical and mathematical concepts are grasped and understood by consciousness. The conditions of possibility of objective knowledge and the meaning of this knowledge are investigated. The intentionality of consciousness and how it constructs meanings is explored. The relationship between the natural attitude and the phenomenological attitude in the perception of objects is examined. Phenomenology, by focusing on conscious experience and intentionality, offers a rigorous approach to understanding these epistemological foundations, complementing and completing the natural sciences. The methodology adopted is phenomenological reduction, which involves suspending judgments about the existence of the external world to focus on the essential experiences and structures of consciousness. This includes analyzing the concrete intuitions that underlie abstract concepts and exploring the subjective and intentional structures of consciousness. The results achieved include the understanding that phenomenology can provide a solid foundation for logic and mathematics by revealing the intuitive bases of these concepts. The importance of the distinction between ideality and reality was highlighted, protecting the objectivity of logical truths against individual variations in psychology. In short, phenomenology offers a rigorous methodology for understanding the epistemological bases of the sciences, providing a deep and integrated analysis of the human experience.

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Author Biographies

José Francisco de Assis Dias, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná

Licenciado em Filosofia pela Universidade de Passo Fundo - RS (1996) e Bacharel em Teologia pela Unicesumar (2014); Especialista em Docência no Ensino Superior pela Unicesumar (2015); Mestre em Direito Canônico pela Pontifícia Universidade Urbaniana, Cidade do Vaticano, Roma, Itália (1992); Mestre em Filosofia pela mesma Pontifícia Universidade Urbaniana, Cidade do Vaticano, Roma, Itália (2006); Doutor em Direito Canônico também pela Pontifícia Universidade Urbaniana, Cidade do Vaticano, Roma, Itália (2005); Doutor em Filosofia também pela Pontifícia Universidade Urbaniana, Cidade do Vaticano, Roma, Itália (2008). Atualmente é professor Adjunto da UNIOESTE, no Campus de Toledo-PR, onde é Coordenador do curso de Licenciatura em Filosofia; pesquisador do Grupo de Pesquisa “ÉTICA E POLÍTICA”, da UNIOESTE, CCHS, Campus de Toledo-PR; parecerista de revistas filosóficas e jurídicas.

Junior Cunha, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná

Aluno regular do Doutorado em Filosofia do PPGFil UNIOESTE (Bolsista CAPES). Mestre e Licenciado em Filosofia pela Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná. Desenvolve pesquisa nas áreas de Filosofia, Teoria Literária e Teatro com enfoque em William Shakespeare. Escreve e publica, sobretudo, nas áreas da Filosofia Política e da Ética. Membro dos grupos de pesquisa, credenciados ao CNPq: Ética e Política; Crisis; e Quiasma: filosofia, ciência e arte.

References

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Published

2025-04-07

How to Cite

de Assis Dias, J. F., & Cunha, J. (2025). There was a stone in the middle of the road:The phenomenological reduction and its meanderings. Aufklärung, 12(1), p.81–94. https://doi.org/10.18012/arf.v12i1.70469

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Issue

Vol. 12 No. 1 (2025)

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