IF THERE IS NO GOD, IS EVERYTHING ALLOWED?
BETWEEN DOSTOIEVSKI AND IMMANUEL KANT
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7443/problemata.v14i1.65622Keywords:
Immanuel Kant, Dostoievski, God, Moral actAbstract
The present article intends to explore the maxim contained in The Brothers Karamazov (If there is no God, is everything allowed?) in the light of Immanuel Kant's thought. To do so, it uses Dostoevsky's thinking only to the extent that it helps us to present the idea of God and its relationship with the atheist's position. Keeping in mind the Kantian philosophy, we seek not only the presentation of this idea, but also its relationship with the moral act and with the very condition of this act. This, therefore, will result in Kant, a doubly negative answer to the question that reflects Ivan Karamazov's atheistic position. For Kant, by distinguishing the moral act by duty and according to duty, argues that resorting to something external to reason (God) would constitute a merely heteronomous will. Therefore, the moral act par excellence occurs when the action is performed in a way guided solely by reason, based on a pure interest, and this leads, in turn, to Kant's disapproval of the aforementioned maxim present in Dostoevsky's work.
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