Ensino religioso e a questão da laicidade no Brasil: da colônia a 1930
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1982-6605.2022v19n2.63493Abstract
ABSTRACT
In this article, we intend to develop an analysis regarding the theme of secularism and its relationship with religious education in Brazil and the debate on education, through a brief history of the separation between Church and State. We will observe the period after the proclamation of the Republic, devoting special attention to the rearticulation movements of Catholics in the 1930s, with a view to the return of religious teaching in public schools, in direct conflict with educators linked to Educação Nova. The theme of the state's secularism and its relationship with the formation of the Brazilian Republic has been revisited by scholars from different areas of the Humanities. The educational question has become important in the country since the arrival of the Jesuit priests in 1549. The imbibition of faith in education, through the actions of the Church, is the way in which we try to instill European culture and religiosity in the peoples indigenous peoples. Education articulated with the religious issue runs through the colonial period, from the arrival of the Jesuits and until the Proclamation of the Republic, when the separation between State and Church occurs. The analysis methodology focuses on reading historical texts on education in Brazil, after the proclamation of the Republic until the 1930s, as well as texts that discuss the concepts of education and instruction in the context of secularism and religious influence. Although it is investigated and debated by theologians, philosophers, sociologists, anthropologists, religious scientists, educators and legal representatives, although many convergences are identifiable, the issue is far from an agreement between those interested in promoting a secular and universal education and those who defend the presence of religious faith in Education.
Keywords: Secular state. Religious education. New Education. Catholic intellectuals.
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