The biopolitics of faith:

spiritism and health in the making of the republican order

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22478/ufpb.1982-6605.2026v23n1.76780

Abstract

This article examines the criminalization of Spiritism in Republican Brazil through Article 157 of the 1890 Penal Code, from a Foucauldian perspective of disciplinary power and biopower. It argues that Spiritism was not merely a target of religious repression but a field for the experimentation of a penal and moral rationality that articulated science, law, and medicine in the construction of the republican order. Through Foucauldian genealogy and historical discourse analysis, the study demonstrates that the persecution of mediumistic practices formed part of a governmental project aimed at the normalization of beliefs and the management of difference. The works of jurists such as João Vieira de Araújo and Galdino Siqueira reveal, however, the fissures and resistances within the legal field, showing that Spiritism also constituted a space of counter-conduct and affirmation of citizenship. The article concludes that the history of this criminalization illuminates how the republican State produced a political economy of the soul, in which the power to govern beliefs became inseparable from the power to govern life.

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Author Biography

Adriana Gomes, PPGH UNIVERSO

Post-Doctor in Social History (UFRJ), Doctor in Political History (UERJ) and Professor at PPGH at Universidade Salgado de Oliveira

Published

2026-01-29

How to Cite

GOMES, Adriana. The biopolitics of faith:: spiritism and health in the making of the republican order. Religare, [S. l.], v. 23, n. 1, 2026. DOI: 10.22478/ufpb.1982-6605.2026v23n1.76780. Disponível em: https://periodicos.ufpb.br/index.php/religare/article/view/76780. Acesso em: 15 aug. 2026.

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Artigos Nacionais