Arroz vermelho no semiárido: desafios hídricos, adubação orgânica e qualidade de sementes

Arroz vermelho no semiárido

Abstract

Red rice (Oryza sativa L.) represents an agricultural, historical and cultural heritage of Northeastern Brazil. This work presents a review of the effects of organic fertilisation and water deficit on red rice cultivation, with emphasis on physiological performance, productivity and seed quality. This cereal has great socio-economic importance in Northeastern Brazil, particularly within family farming systems, where traditional management still predominates and production is strongly dependent on climatic conditions. Organic fertilisation, especially with cattle manure, has proved to be a sustainable alternative to improve soil fertility, provide nutrients gradually and enhance seed physiological quality. Conversely, water deficit, especially during the reproductive phase, compromises yield and reduces vigour and germination. The literature analysis shows that integrating organic fertilisation strategies with adequate water management practices is essential to ensure greater resilience of cultivation in semi-arid environments. Despite the advances, there is still a scarcity of information on optimal doses of organic fertilisers, varietal responses to water stress and strategies for conserving genetic variability. In this context, further studies are needed to provide practical recommendations that strengthen the sustainability and competitiveness of red rice.