ON CLASSICAL RATIONALISM
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7443/problemata.v16i2.71327Keywords:
Bacon, Descartes, Pascal, Spinoza, LeibnizAbstract
This article is about the rationalist philosophy that emerged in the 17th century. In general, it is understood that this philosophy advances and adds on to two key elements, both from the Renaissance: the new rationality, which establishes itself as the basis for the domination of the natural environment and rejects Greek and medieval speculativisms, and the clash against anthropomorphism. Five thinkers are addressed, who are considered, at first, the classics of each tradition that we approach, the authors who serve as the main core of foundational ideas: the Englishman Bacon, who devised the Theory of the Idols; the Frenchman Descartes, who, theorizing doubt, contributed in his time to the questioning of preconceived notions; the also French Pascal, whose ideas in theory served as a basis for Existencialism; the Dutchman Spinoza who breathed new life into "Know thyself," and, finally, the German Leibniz, an optimistic thinker who, examining the world, took it as the best conceivable one.
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